First published 1963
What Has Government Done to Our Money?
What Has Government Done to Our Money? by Murray N. Rothbard is available as a free PDF, EPUB, MOBI, and HTML download at freecapitalists.org, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0. The file here is the Ludwig von Mises Institute fifth edition (2005 printing).
- Murray N. Rothbard
- First published
- 1963
- Edition here
- Ludwig von Mises Institute fifth edition (2005 printing)
- Format
- PDF, EPUB, MOBI, and HTML
- Pages
- 130
- ISBN
- 978-1-933550-34-3
- Publisher
- Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute
- License
- Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
When this gem first appeared in 1963, it took the form of a small paperback designed for mass distribution. We've conjured up that spirit again with this special edition of Rothbard's primer on money and government.
Innumerable economists, investors, commentators, and authors have learned from this book through the decades. After fifty years, it remains the best book in print on the topic, a real manifesto of sound money.
Rothbard boils down the Austrian theory to its essentials. The book also made huge theoretical advances. Rothbard was the first to prove that the government, and only the government, can destroy money on a mass scale, and he showed exactly how they go about this dirty deed. But just as importantly, it is beautifully written. He tells a thrilling story because he loves the subject so much.
The passion that Murray feels for the topic comes through in the prose and transfers to the reader. Readers become excited about the subject, and tell others. Students tell professors. Some, like the great Ron Paul of Texas, have even run for political office after having read it.
Rothbard shows precisely how banks create money out of thin air and how the central bank, backed by government power, allows them to get away with it. He shows how exchange rates and interest rates would work in a true free market. When it comes to describing the end of the gold standard, he is not content to describe the big trends. He names names and ferrets out all the interest groups involved.
Since Rothbard's death, scholars have worked to assess his legacy, and many of them agree that this little book is one of his most important. Though it has sometimes been inauspiciously packaged and is surprisingly short, its argument took huge strides toward explaining that it is impossible to understand public affairs in our time without understanding money and its destruction.
This volume's contents include:
- Preface by Jörg Guido Hülsmann
- I. Introduction by Murray Rothbard
- II. Money in a Free Society
- 1. The Value of Exchange
- 2. Barter
- 3. Indirect Exchange
- 4. Benefits of Money
- 5. The Monetary Unit
- 6. The Shape of Money
- 7. Private Coinage
- 8. The Proper Supply of Money
- 9. The Problem of Hoarding
- 10. Stabilize the Price Level?
- 11. Coexisting Moneys
- 12. Money-Warehouses
- 13. Summary
- III. Government Meddling With Money
- 1. The Revenue of Government
- 2. The Economic Effects of Inflation
- 3. Compulsory Monopoly of the Mint
- 4. Debasement
- 5. Gresham's Law and Coinage
- 6. Summary: Government and Coinage
- 7. Permitting Banks to Refuse Payment
- 8. Central Banking: Removing the Checks on Inflation
- 9. Central Banking: Directing the Inflation
- 10. Going Off the Gold Standard
- 11. Fiat Money and the Gold Problem
- 12. Fiat Money and Gresham's Law
- 13. Government and Money
- IV. The Monetary Breakdown of the West
- 1. Phase I: The Classical Gold Standard, 1815-1914
- 2. Phase II: World War I and After
- 3. Phase III: The Gold Exchange Standard (Britain and the United States) 1926-1931
- 4. Phase IV: Fluctuating Fiat Currencies, 1931-1945...
- 5. Phase V: Bretton Woods and the New Gold Exchange Standard (the United States) 1945 1968
- 6. Phase VI: The Unraveling of Bretton Woods, 1968-1971
- 7. Phase VII: The End of Bretton Woods: Fluctuating Fiat Currencies, August-December, 1971
- 8. Phase VIII: The Smithsonian Agreement, December 1971-February 1973
- 9. Phase IX: Fluctuating Fiat Currencies, March 1973-?
Which edition this is
First published 1963; Rothbard revised it in 1985 and 1990. The archive serves the Institute's 2005 fifth-edition printing of the essay alone. It does not include "The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar," which the Institute has also published bound together with this essay in other print runs; the hosted PDF's own index ends at page 120 with no trace of that second essay's text.
Copyright 1963, 1985, 1990 by Murray N. Rothbard; copyright 1991, 2005, 2008 by the Ludwig von Mises Institute. Reproduced by permission, all rights reserved. Not public domain and not Creative Commons.
Verified against the copyright page of the hosted pdf, 2026-08-04.
Also here, free
Listen to What Has Government Done to Our Money?, a free recorded reading (7 recordings, 5.2 hours). Stream it here or download the audio.
Chapter by chapter
What's in What Has Government Done to Our Money?
4 chapters. Page numbers are this edition's. 4 of them have a free lecture in the companion course.
- None
-
I. Introductionp. 8
States the book's premise: that money is the most tangled of economic subjects precisely because it is the one good almost nobody, including free-market economists, will trust to an unregulated market.
Lecture: I. Introduction Murray N. Rothbard, 3:35
-
II. Money in a Free Societyp. 11
Builds money up from first principles: why people exchange at all, why direct barter fails, and how a market process of increasing marketability turns a handful of commodities, historically gold and silver, into money without any planner choosing them.
Lecture: II. Money in a Free Society Murray N. Rothbard, 1:18:10
-
III. Government Meddling With Moneyp. 56
Traces how governments turn a commodity money into a tool of revenue, from debasement and minting monopolies through central banking, arguing each intervention creates a new problem that becomes the pretext for the next intervention.
Lecture: III. Government Meddling With Money Murray N. Rothbard, 1:06:03
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IV. The Monetary Breakdown of the Westp. 95
Walks the nine phases of twentieth-century international monetary history from the classical gold standard through the Bretton Woods system's collapse, presenting each successive fix as an unstable compromise that failed faster than the one before it.
Lecture: IV. The Monetary Breakdown of the West Murray N. Rothbard, 44:13
Questions
About this book and this copy
- What is What Has Government Done to Our Money? about?
- Rothbard's short primer on monetary theory: how money emerges from barter without central planning, and how government intervention, from coin debasement to central banking to fiat currency, has repeatedly disrupted that market process.
- Does this edition include The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar?
- No. The Mises Institute has bound that essay together with this one in some print runs, but the file this archive hosts is the essay "What Has Government Done to Our Money?" alone, fifth edition, 2005 printing.
- Is this book based on a specific historical event?
- Rothbard first wrote it in 1963 and revised it twice, in 1985 and 1990, updating its account of the international monetary order through the end of the Bretton Woods system in the early 1970s.
- Is What Has Government Done to Our Money? free to download?
- Yes. The complete 130-page PDF, EPUB, MOBI, and HTML downloads directly from this page (2.8 MB). There is no signup, no account and no paywall.
- Can I reuse or republish What Has Government Done to Our Money??
- This edition is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0, so yes, on that licence's terms. Check the deed for what attribution it requires.
- Is there an audiobook of What Has Government Done to Our Money??
- Yes. This archive holds a free recorded reading (7 recordings, 5.2 hours). It streams in the browser or downloads as audio, at no cost and with no signup.
- Who wrote What Has Government Done to Our Money??
- Murray N. Rothbard (1926–1995) was an Austrian economist, economic historian, and libertarian political philosopher. This archive holds 97 of Rothbard's works.
Further reading: What Has Government Done to Our Money? on The Austrian Economics Wiki.
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