Index

Accountants, 107, 180

Action, 13, 17–24, 26–27, 29–30, 35, 37, 39–42, 45–47, 52–54, 70, 75, 77, 97–98, 108, 147, 149, 158, 210, 219, 316–18, 321–28

Agriculture Department, 276, 279

Air, 197

America Online, 104

Anderson, Benjamin M., 313

Antitrust, 259–70

Apple Computer, 267–68

Arbitrage, 114–15, 327

Arthur, Brian, 261

Aquinas, Thomas, 307

Austrian Institute for Business Cycle Research, 315

Austrian School of economics, 11–12, 34, 110, 131, 139, 172, 291–92, 297, 307–19

Austrian economists, 125, 222, 224, 232, 246, 274n, 285, 296, 299, 314, 307–19

business cycle theory, 212 ff.

Banking

free, 139

reserve, 139

Banks, 138–40, 148, 210, 228

Barter, 73

Bass, Carole, 271

Bastiat, Claude-Frédéric, 19, 27, 201, 272–73, 281–84, 293, 309

Bauer, Otto, 313–14

Betamax, 260–61, 263–64

Bethell, Tom, 186

Bezos, Jeff, 104

Blacksmiths, 19, 128

Block, Walter, 253, 274n, 295

Bodin, Jean, 147

Boettke, Peter, 169–708

Böhm-Bawerk, Eugen von, 131–32, 311–14, 318

Bolsheviks, 169

British Currency School, 313

Buchanan, James, 321

Business cycle theory (boom and bust), 229–35, 285–87

Calculation, 27, 71–72, 81–82, 84, 94, 157–76, 172, 186, 230, 262–63, 269–70, 314

Cantillon effects, 148–49

Cantillon, Richard, 149, 307–08

Cantor, Paul, 317

Capital

capital goods, 49–57, 82, 88, 101–02, 110–16, 118, 121–32, 167, 186, 196–98, 205–35, 243, 262, 276–304, 309, 311–13, 315, 318, 321

social capital, 123–25

structure of, 125–31

Capitalists, 21, 101–03, 105, 107, 109, 111–13, 119, 312

Carilli, Anthony, 232

Caplan, Bryan, 322

Case, Steve, 104

Cassirer, Ernst, 134

Cheung, Steven, 252

Choice, 23–26, 34, 40–42, 44–46, 50, 61, 85, 107, 159, 163, 167, 174, 181, 183, 188, 211–12, 230, 239, 241–42, 249, 259, 267, 269, 275, 280, 291–92, 294, 301, 303, 308, 310, 327–28

Civil War, 207

Clark, Jim, 104

Coase, Ronald, 241, 246, 251

Communist China, 172

Communitarians, 302

Competition, 79–80, 117, 159, 173, 198, 231, 238, 241, 266–67, 318

Complementary goods, 55–56

Computers, 60, 122, 204–05, 242, 267–69

Congress, 184, 276–77, 280

Consumer goods, 49

Consumers, 119–20

Consumer choice, 239, 301

Consumer price index (CPI), 150–53

Consumer Product Safety Commission, 239

Consumer Reports, 240

Consumers, 66, 79–80, 91, 94, 101–03, 106–07, 109, 111, 119–20, 122, 127–30, 130, 139, 159, 160, 165–66180, 202–04, 212–15, 217, 219, 229, 231–32, 237–40, 243–46, 258, 278–87, 301–05

sovereignty, 128–29

Corrigan, Sean, 216

Costs, 24, 27, 39–40, 67, 69, 91–94, 114, 131–33, 138, 177, 180, 186–87, 209, 227, 233, 238, 245, 249, 251–52, 254–55, 257, 261, 275, 279, 311, 321

opportunity, 93

Credit, 209–10, 213, 213–21, 226–29, 231–32, 282, 313, 315

Crusoe, Robinson, 13

David, Paul, 266

Deflation, 141–44, 214

Demand, 11, 65, 75–78, 86, 89–90, 92, 106, 109, 111, 115, 119, 122, 128, 131, 139, 153, 163, 165, 166, 180, 198, 201, 203, 207–08, 212, 284–87, 307, 324–26

Dempster, Gregory, 231

Depressions. See Business cycle theory

Development, 271–90

Diamond, Jared, 260, 266

Diamond-water paradox, 42–44

Distribution, 101–05

Division of labor, 59–61, 64–65, 176, 221, 309

Dole Foods, 279

Dvorak keyboard 260, 264–66

Ebeling, Richard, 315

Economic calculation, 71–72, 80–81, 86–89, 159–61, 165–68, 230, 269

Economic good, 197

Economics, defined, 11–14, 17–32, 44–56, 60–62, 64–96, 98, 102–20, 291–305, 307–21, 324, 326–28

supply side, 297

Efficiency, 131, 177, 184–88, 258, 266, 269

Egypt, 186, 278

Ellison, Larry, 104

Emissions, 250

Energy, 254–56

Enron, 218

Entrepreneur, 75, 94, 104–11, 113, 130–31, 134, 159–60, 165–66, 173, 200, 202, 229–30, 232, 234, 238, 258, 266–67, 274, 286, 304, 318

Environmental protection, 198

Equilibrium, 11, 95–99

evenly rotating economy (ERE), 97, 105

Equality, 69–70, 175–76

Erhard, Ludwig, 315

Exchange, 21, 54, 59, 64–67, 69–73, 75, 77–86, 95, 101, 113–14, 137, 143, 150–51, 176, 182, 195, 199, 201, 221, 232, 251–52, 256, 270, 284, 298, 307, 315, 325

direct, 65–70, 73

indirect, 81–85

Expectations, 223–28

Exploitation, 298–99

Export Enhancement Program, 279

Externalities, 249–58

Federal Reserve, 111, 140, 195, 209–33, 293, 297, 327

Fetter, Frank, 311–12

Fiduciary media, 146–48

Fisher, Irving, 146–48, 313

Foreign policy, 279

Foundation for Economic Education (FEE), 317

Fox, Justin, 223

Free market, 159, 169, 183–84, 202, 257–58, 299, 310

Free riders. See Externalities

Freedom, 18, 106, 116, 175–76, 296, 301, 307, 316, 318

Friedman, Milton, 83, 222

Gallo Wines, 279

Garrison, Roger, 205, 213n, 215, 230 Gataletto, Dominick, 299

Gates, William, 24, 104, 269

Gross domestic product (GDP), 145, 216

George Mason University, 169, 223

German Historical School, 310, 315

Gillmor, Dan, 242

Gingrich, Newt, 277–78

Goods, 197, 199

Gross national product (GNP), 145

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 88

Goldberg, Robert, 181

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 170

Gordon, David, 295

Gottfried, Paul, 302

Governments, 102, 140, 144–45, 195, 203, 234, 272, 293, 298, 302, 304, 307

Gray, John, 301–02

Great Depression, 183–84, 222, 318

Greaves, Bettina Bien, 317

Greaves, Percy, 317

Greenspan, Alan, 111

Gregerson, Steve, 258

Groundhog Day, 97

Growth

economic, 145, 179, 209, 217–18, 220–21, 224–25, 230, 297–99

Gulf War, 125

Haberler, Gottfried, 314

Harvard University, 313, 314

Hayek, F.A., 91, 93, 161–64, 165, 172–75, 179, 199, 222, 253, 274n, 292–94, 296, 308, 311, 314–16, 319, 325

Hazlitt, Henry, 268n, 309, 317

Health care, 180–82

Heartland Institute, 276

Hitler, 174

HMOs, 181

Honda, 260

Hoover administration, 183, 222

Hoppe, Hans-Hermann, 274n, 295, 298

Hülsmann, Jörg Guido, 179, 295

Human Action, 13, 17–18, 20–22, 26, 52, 88–89, 98, 101, 104, 108, 116, 121–22, 153, 166–67, 209, 210, 227, 286, 303, 317, 321–22, 326

Human action, 18, 20–23, 29–30, 37, 39, 46, 47, 52–54, 70, 75, 77, 97–98, 103–04, 108, 113, 125, 147, 149, 158, 168, 212, 219, 293–95, 307, 309, 311, 316, 322, 324–28

Hume, David, 147

Hussein, Saddam, 125

Hutt, W.H., 112, 130, 216, 285

Ikeda, Sanford, 97n, 178, 180–83, 256

Index numbers, 150–55

Individualism, 34, 305, 325

Industrial Revolution, 18

Inequality, 175, 297

Inflation, 90, 141, 144–50, 153, 209–10, 214, 217, 230, 297, 307

Infrastructure, 271–87

Intel, 260

Intellectuals, 175302, 314

Interest, 28, 54, 105, 107, 113–15, 131–32, 138, 179, 205–25, 228–35, 245, 311–13

International Monetary Fund (IMF), 228

Internet, 126, 215–19

Interventionism. See Mixed economy

Investment, 54, 102, 113–15, 118, 127, 212–14, 217–18, 227, 229, 266, 273, 275, 277, 312

malinvestment, 219–20

Investors, 113–15, 196, 198, 218, 228, 232, 274–76

Java, 204, 227

Jevons, William Stanley, 41n, 310

Johns Hopkins, 314

Kedrosky, Paul, 261

Keynes, John Maynard, 28, 206, 317

Keynesians, 125, 284–87, 315, 317

Kinsella, Stephan, 274n

Kirzner, Israel, 17–18, 91, 111, 121–22, 132, 311, 314, 317–18

Knowledge (learning), 35–36, 161–64

Koether, George, 317

Krugman, Paul, 141–42, 142n, 254, 257

Kundera, Milan, 170

Kuran, Timur, 300

Kurtz, Steve, 184

Labor, 115–18

marginal productivity of, 117

Lachmann, Ludwig, 49, 132, 292–93, 296, 316, 318–19

Land, 30–31, 83–84, 105–06, 109, 111, 114, 126, 186, 256, 275, 298, 303

Landsburg, Steven, 184–85, 324–25

Late Scholastics, 19, 307, 315, 317–18

Law, 78, 80, 89, 140, 175, 184, 196–97, 199, 202, 203, 257, 315

Law of association, 59–65

Law of comparative advantage, 62

Law of diminishing marginal utility, 44–46

Legislation, 192, 258, 315

Lenin, 160, 169

Levin, Michael, 239

Lewin, Peter, 187

Liabilities, 87–88

Liberty, 175–76, 215, 253, 315, 318

Liebowitz, Stan, 264–67

Linux, 244

Livestock, 83–84

Locke, John, 147

Logic, 29, 37, 39, 223, 254, 291–92, 318, 322, 326

London School of Economics, 315

Long-Term Capital Management, 206, 216, 229

Loss, 17, 27, 30, 51, 65–66, 71, 91, 94, 106–07, 179, 185, 207–08, 217, 274–77, 286, 297

Lucas, Robert, 223

Machlup, Fritz, 314

Macintosh Computer, 260–61, 267–68

Macroeconomics, 122, 213, 230

Malthus, Thomas, 21

Margasak, Larry, 276

Marginalist revolution, 310

Margolis, Stephen, 264–67

Market Access Program, 279

Market failure. See Mixed economy

Market process, 75–80, 95–96, 106, 110, 147, 149, 159, 165, 173, 177–78, 181–82, 187, 199, 201, 203–04, 238, 240, 255, 268, 296, 305, 309, 316, 318, 325–26

Marshall, Alfred, 90–92, 128, 316

Marx, Karl, 20–21, 42, 71, 101–02, 314

Marxist, 21, 118, 169, 298, 310, 312, 313

Mary Poppins, 139

Mathematical economics, 291, 321–27

Matsushita, 263

Mayer, Hans 316

Medicaid, 181

Medicare, 181

Menger, Carl, 21, 25, 33, 41n, 43, 49, 65, 69, 84, 90–93, 128, 131, 282, 310–11, 313

Mercedes, 260

Method. See Science Methodological individualism, 34

Michelin, 241

Microsoft, 104, 245, 261, 264–65, 267–69

Middle Ages, 18

Miller, Merton, 124

Minimum wage. See Price-fixing

Mises, Ludwig von, 13, 17, 20, 97, 101, 161, 274n, 292–94, 311, 315–16, 317–19, 321

Mises Institute, 319

Mises, Margit von, 319

Mixed economy, 178–84, 254–58, 259–70, 271–87

Modeling, 94, 321–28

Money, 12, 17, 25, 27–28, 65, 73, 81–94, 101–03, 110, 113–17, 123, 132, 137–54, 169, 197–99, 201, 197, 204–07, 209–10, 213–17, 222–23, 228, 231, 234–35, 244, 269, 276–77, 283–85, 287, 308–10, 312–13

fiat, 86

Morgenstern, Oskar, 314

Moral hazard, 140–41

Moss, Lawrence, 317

Mossberg, Walter, 242

MS-DOS, 268

Murphy, Robert P., 197n, 202n

Murray, Charles, 182

Napoleonic Wars, 144

NASDAQ, 204–05, 216, 218

National Center for Policy Analysis, 181

National Socialism, 177, 315

Nazi Germany, 12, 172, 315

Neoclassical School, 11, 122, 125281, 314, 316–17, 321–22, 326

Netscape, 104

Neuman, John von, 314

New Deal, 177

New economic policy, 169

Nixon, Richard, 141

Nobel Prize, 315, 319

Noll, Roger G., 271

Oakeshott, Michael, 22, 327–28

Olympics, 186

OPEC, 79

Oracle, 104

Other People’s Money, 206

Pareto, Vilfredo, 187–88, 250

Path dependence, 259–70

Peltzman, Sam, 241

Peterson, William, 317

Physics, 28–30, 33, 35–36, 60, 103, 108, 326

Pigou, A.C., 249–61

Pollution, 249–55

Ponzi scheme, 218

Posner, Richard, 184

Postrel, Virginia, 267

Pot, Pol, 172, 175

Power, 170–71

Praxeology, 21, 321–26

see also Human action

Price, 11, 31, 66, 70, 73–74, 76–78, 85–86, 90–93, 95–96, 104, 106, 109–12, 113–15, 117, 119, 123, 127, 129, 142–53, 158–60, 161–62, 163, 165–66, 167–68, 170, 178, 180–86, 195, 197, 217–35, 245, 254–55, 264, 266–67, 269, 279, 282, 285–87, 295, 299, 304, 307, 316, 324–27

Price ceiling, 198

Price-fixing, 78, 142, 194–202, 234–35

Primitivism, 176

Profit, 17, 24, 27, 65, 69–71, 75, 82, 92, 94–95, 102, 106–08, 111–14, 116, 118, 131, 138, 140, 148, 158, 161, 164, 202, 238, 241, 255, 261, 263, 266, 270, 274–75, 286, 304, 312, 325

Property, 31, 43–44, 76, 109, 159, 177, 185–86, 250–53, 255–56, 295, 297, 299, 302, 305, 307, 317–18

Protectionism, 280–82

Public Choice School, 241, 269, 275, 280

Pythagorean theorem, 323

QWERTY, 187, 260, 264–67

Raico, Ralph, 317

Rationing, 197–202

Read, Leonard, 61, 317

Reason, 184, 241, 267, 298

Regulations, 237–47, 257–58, 307

Reisman, George, 317

Ricardo, David, 21, 62

Richman, Sheldon, 169

Roads, 253, 255–57, 272

Robbins, Lionel, 250, 314, 316

Rockwell, Jr., Llewellyn H., 170

Röpke, Wilhelm, 314–15

Roman empire, 124

Rosenstein-Rodan, Paul, 314

Roosevelt, Franklin, 140, 222

Rothbard, Murray N., 13, 25, 71, 132, 141, 176, 183–84, 251, 253, 274n, 292, 295–96, 308, 311, 316–18

Roundabout methods of production, 131–35

Rowland, John, 255, 271

Rowling, J.K., 199

Harry Potter, 199

Rudolf, Crown Prince, 310–11

Safety, 120, 237–42

Salamanca, 307

Saving, 47–54, 65, 118, 212, 219–20, 223, 229, 234, 245

Say, Jean-Baptiste (Say’s Law), 234, 309

Scarcity, 24, 77, 197–202, 246

Scarponi, Diane, 271

Schmookler, Andrew Bard, 303

Schumpeter, Joseph, 19, 307

Schutz, Alfred, 314

Science

physical and social, 18, 28–32, 309

Sennholz, Hans, 116, 317

Shackle, G.L.S., 305, 319

Shortages, 198–202

Silicon Valley, 217

Smith, Adam, 19, 21, 60–62, 76, 164, 296

Smith, Vernon, 35

Smoot-Hawley tariff, 222

Social Security, 28

Social cooperation, 177

Socialism, 56, 102, 126, 159–76, 177, 183, 262, 314–15

Society for the Development of Austrian Economics, 319

Software, 242–47

Sony, 263–64

Soto, Hernando de, 186

South Royalton, 319

Soviet Union, 65–66, 169, 170, 172, 175176, 315

Sowell, Thomas, 257

Specialization, 64–65

Spontaneous order, 18

Sraffa, Piero, 222

Star Trek, 304

State, 105, 159–76, 177–83, 196, 238, 250–51, 254–56, 295–97, 302

Steinert-Threlkeld, Tom, 268

Stock market, 202–08, 215–18, 327

Stossel, John, 299

Strigl, Richard, 314

Structure of production, 121–35

Subjective value, 25–26

see also Value

Supply and demand, 11, 75–78, 325–26

Supply-side economics, 297

Sullum, Jacob, 241, 298

Survivor, 13–14, 33, 36

SUVs, 258

Switzerland, 316

Taxes, 251, 284

Textbooks, 11

Theft, 121–22, 295, 307

Third way, 177, 179, 181, 183, 185, 187

see also Mixed economy

Third World, 186

Timberlake, Richard, 150

Time, 13, 24–25, 27, 35–42, 45, 47–56, 60–61, 63–72, 79, 81–82, 86, 91–92, 97, 112–14, 122–23, 125, 132–34, 162–67, 178, 186, 212–14, 222–23, 308–12, 316, 319, 322–23, 327–28

Time preference, 52–55, 212–13

Totalitarian dictator, 174–75

Trading, 64, 67–69, 72, 74–75, 83–84, 86, 95, 143, 192, 218, 243, 310

Transcontinental railroad, 277–78

Treasuries, 114, 140, 216

Trotsky, Leon, 169

Tullock, Gordon, 224

Turgot, A.R.J., 308

Tynan, Nicola, 241

Tyranny, 172

Uncertainty, 45–46, 50, 89, 105, 107–11, 293, 297, 318

Underwriters Laboratories, 240

Unemployment, 116, 218, 222, 234, 328

Unions, 65–66, 318

University of Salamanca, 19, 307

University of Vienna, 310–11, 313

Upton, Charles, 122

Utility, 11, 40 ff., 66–68, 202

Utopia, 172

Value, 21, 25–26, 31, 35, 37, 39, 41–44, 47–50, 54–56, 63–64, 67–72, 76–77, 85–87, 89–91, 93, 101–02, 104, 111–14, 117, 119, 127, 129–30, 137–38, 143, 145, 149–53, 163, 175, 185–86, 188, 197, 201, 202–04, 206–08, 237–38, 251, 253, 261, 276, 296–97, 299, 301, 305, 307–08, 310, 312–13

of money, 85, 89–90, 145, 149, 153, 313

VHS, 260–61, 263–64

Voegelin, Eric, 314

Volvo, 241

Vonnegut, Kurt, 108, 176

Breakfast of Champions, 108

“Harrison Bergeron,” 176

Wagner, Richard E., 223, 226, 230–31

Walras, Léon, 41n, 146–47, 149, 310

Wealth, 17, 19, 51, 60, 101–02, 110, 119, 128, 167, 184, 197, 202–06, 207, 222, 231, 267, 276, 296–99, 311

Web, 103, 127, 181, 220, 268

Welfare economics, 249–51

Wicksell, Knut, 313

Wicksteed, Philip, 311

Wieser, Friedrich von, 93, 311

Windows, 242, 244–45, 260–61, 269

Wintel, 267–69

Wired, 261

Wirtz, Bill, 275

Workers, 61, 101–03, 105–06, 109, 115–16, 117–18, 119, 123, 127–28, 130, 159, 173, 192–93, 279, 285–87

World War I, 144, 313

World War II, 180, 265, 313

Y2K, 205

Yeager, Leland, 317

Zimbalist, Andrew, 271