Index

A | B | C | D | E
F | G | H | I | J
K | L | M | N | O
P | Q | R | S | T
U | V | W

A

Abortion issue, 140, 154, 208–11

Adverse possession, 138

Alternative systems

banking, 16

buying/selling, 17

electric power, 14

health care, 15, 264

information, 16

investment practices, 16

law practice, 15

money systems, 17–18

politics, 18

publishing, 17

religious practices, 265

schools, 15, 264

Amish, 19, 152, 192

Animal rights, 135, 240–41

Ardrey, Robert, xiii, 33, 114–16, 116, 145, 265

Authority, xiii, 6, 8–13, 19, 22, 27–29, 45, 58, 66–68, 71–72, 85, 128–29, 171, 175, 181, 183, 185, 190–91, 203, 246, 249, 255, 278, 288, 295–96, 299–300, 319

centralized, 9, 28, 81–82, 128, 159, 166, 177, 199, 246, 261

equality of, 254–55

political systems interpreting their authority, 281–83

Autonomy, xi–xii, 8, 10–11, 20–21, 27, 66, 71, 80, 112, 134, 189–90, 226–27, 240, 250, 255, 259, 302, 310, 313–15

Autopoiesis, 66, 112

Axelrod, Robert, 155

B

Bannister, Roger, 101

Bentham, Jeremy, 143–44

Black markets, 63

Blake, William, 110

Bohr, Niels, 110

Boundaries, 70, 75, 89–124, 191, 197, 208, 212

artificial, 118

as information systems, 97, 112, 117, 122, 265, 302–03

boundary disputes, 106, 279–80

humor, 102

as images/symbols, 106–08, 247

in language, 205, 280–81

inviolability of, 109, 190, 197–98, 200, 202, 211, 232–33, 279, 292, 297

land at old common law, 163

multiple, 91–96

spatial separation, 7, 116–17

speech, 107

Bourne, Randolph, 183, 279

Branch Davidians, 297

Brown, Lester, 234

Burckhardt, Jacob, 62

Bureaucracy, 10

Burnham, James, 57, 128

Bush, George W., 22

Butler, Samuel, 240

C

Cannibalism, 7, 63

Cartels, 53, 63

Caspar, California, 19

Chaos and complexity, 11, 37–42, 45, 47–50, 57, 64, 67, 101, 233, 252, 279, 298, 304–05, 312, 323

and creativity, 64, 80, 252

attractors, 39, 74, 139

bifurcation, 25, 39, 64, 101, 305

“butterfly effect,” 40, 70, 240, 262

fractals, 39, 69, 167

iteration, 40, 47

prediction, difficulties in, 15, 34, 37, 40–41, 47, 64, 71, 84, 234, 235, 279–80, 312

randomness, 39

responses to, 80

sensitive dependence on initial conditions, 40, 234

turbulence, 25, 27, 39, 64, 79–80, 101, 252, 304–05

Charles V, 48

Chattels, 118–19

Children, behavior of, 149–50, 155–57, 179–80

Chodorov, Frank, 308

Civilizations

collapse of, 9, 36, 52–54, 61–64, 77, 80, 199, 212, 273–75, 308–09

Claim of ownership, 28, 125–60, 168–69, 208

abandonment, 138–39

absolute nature of, 169–73

how established, 139–45

social means, 145–54, 166, 174

legal definition, 139–40, 146, 168, 174

natural law, 30, 73, 133, 141–43, 145–46, 153

of children, 134

strength of, 265, see alsoRobert Ardrey

what may be claimed, 133, 165

Clastres, Pierre, 245

Collective identities, 103–05, See alsoEgo boundaries

Collective ownership, 6, 147, 171, 188, 219–20, 222, 226, 263–64, 278, 292–93

Collectivism, 9–12, 27, 81, 112, 128, 147, 162, 176, 179, 243–75

Commons, tragedy of, 77, 221–22, 226, 266

Communes, 6, 245

Communism, 127, 176

Community, 302

Community Supported Agriculture, 14

Complementarity principle, 110

Conflict and division, 9, 44, 57–58, 85, 92, 108, 131–32, 167, 175, 211, 224–26, 241–42, 280, 297, 310–11

when ownership divided from control, 167, 174, 321–22

Conscription, 287

Consensus-based decisionmaking, 19–20, 145–46, 291–92

Conservation programs, 55–56, 292–94

Contracts

as property claims, 135, 172–73, 197

as transfers of ownership claims, 93, 134–35, 137, 168, 197

Control of property, 27–28, 161–86, 208, 254–55, 263

exclusive nature of, 92, 126, 189

versus “title,” 168

Cooperation, 77, 152, 155–57, 188, 190–91, 244, 253, 259, 310, 316

Cooperatives, 6, 245

Copyrights and patents, 119, 164–65

Corporate-state, 128

cummings, e.e., 125, 258

Cutting-and-filling, 307–09

D

Dawkins, Richard, 258

Darwin, Charles, 318

Decentralization, 8, 10, 13–23, 23, 28, 66–67, 71, 80–82, 84, 99, 101, 109, 128, 145, 151–52, 159, 166, 169, 177, 191, 216, 264–65, 279, 284, 300–02, 313, 317

de Gaulle, Charles, 48

de Jasay, Anthony, 283–84

Descartes, Rene, 216

Determinism, 36

Discrimination, 205–06

Dissipative structures, 65, 217see alsochaos and complexity

Diversity, 76, 303, 315, 318

DNA, 209, 249, 256, 260

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 129–30, 186, 248

Dualistic thinking, 44, 48, 69, 96, 111, 124, 216, 256, 258, 270, 272, 278

Durant, Will and Ariel, ix, 62, 184(n.9), 320

E

Eastman, Max, 243

Ebadi, Shirin, 81

Economy, vibrancy of, 53–57

Egalitarianism, 252–57, 260–61

Ego-boundaries, 103–09, 132, 245–48, 261–62, 274, 279

Ehrenfeld, David, 35

Ehrlich, Paul, 234

Einstein, Albert, 37–38, 203

Ellul, Jacques, 301

Eminent domain, 5, 12, 27, 135, 167, 200, 223, 228, 267, 268, 280, 317

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 37, 69, 187, 201–02, 325

Enlightenment, the, 65

Entropy, 6–9, 11, 39, 54, 65, 76, 83, 101, 125, 131, 141, 164, 187, 217–18, 236, 238, 252, 305, 310, 312

Environmentalism, 46–47, 147, 215–42

global warming, 234–35

voluntary responses, 228, 237

Epictetus, 181

Equipartition of energy, 253

Escher, M.C., 102

Estates in land, 139

Exploitation, 76, 267–71

F

Fascism, 127

Feudalism, 127, 165,

Frankl, Viktor, 289–90, 298

Frontiers, 63, 98–101, 296, 306

G

“Gaia” hypothesis, 235–36

George, Henry, 78–79

Gibbon, Edward, 41

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 161

Gold mining camps, 95, 149, 194–95

Gould, Stephen Jay, 26

Government

intelligence agencies, 45

business promoted regulation, 53–58, 254, 278–79, 292–94,

increasing costs, 55–56,

producing greater concentration, 55,

as a “taking,” 168, 174, 200

takings, 27, 135, 168, 170, 174

world, 297

Grameen Bank, 16

Greece, 309

H

Hammurabi, 35

Hayek, F.A. von, 35, 40, 42, 72(n.21)

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 318

Heisenberg, Werner, 30, 44, 312

Heraclitus, 52

Hero of Alexandria, 309

Historic buildings preservation, 172

Hitler, Adolf, 128, 227

Hobbes, Thomas, 143, 273, 323

Hodgskin, Thomas, 144–45

Hoebel, E. Adamson, 153

Holistic model, 15, 19, 58, 96, 112

Holographic model, 67–75, 82–83, 86, 110, 145, 187, 238, 258–60, 271–72, 275, 284, 291–92, 314, 318–19

interconnectedness, 8, 20, 2737–38, 48, 65, 67, 69, 71–72, 76, 148–49, 204, 238, 258, 314, 318–19

Horizontal systems, 8, 22, 27, 67, 71–72, 203, 259

Housman, A.E., 269

Humboldt, William von, 63

Hume, David, 36

Hurricane Katrina, 75

Hutton, James, 236

Huxley, Aldous, 240

Huxley, T.H., 236

I

Individualism, 112, 128, 190, 243–75, 321

Self-directed behavior, 85

Indra’s Net, 69, 178, 314

Industrial Revolution, 65, 188, 271, 309

Informal processes of order, 15, 19, 51, 66, 73–75, 80, 83, 91, 101, 146–50

Information systems, 16, 52, 97, 192–93, 266

Institutions, 10, 11, 63

need for stability, 51, 53, 56–57, 308

Instruments of expansion, 52, 54, 57, 257

Insurgency groups, 21, 64

Intangible property, 90, 119–22

Internet, 16, 17

It’s A Wonderful Life, 70

J

Jantsch, Erich, 80, 83–84

Johnson, Neil, 64

Judicial review, 58–59

Jung, Carl, 195

K

Kafka, 260

Kant, Immanuel, 189–90

Kaufmann, Walter, 181, 211

Keynesianism, 256

Korzybski, Alfred, 43, 98, 122, 282

Kropotkin, Peter, 77

Kuhn, Thomas, 25, 67, 305, 311–13

L

Lane, Rose Wilder, 179

Language, corruption of, 170, 204, 206, 280–81

LeFevre, Robert, xii–xiii

Legal positivism, 139, 141, 154, 193

Lenin, Vladimir, 291

Leon, Sy, 283

Leslie, T.E. Cliffe, 115–16

Liberty, xi, 9, 23, 27, 63, 128, 143, 148, 175, 182, 200, 206–07, 227, 249–50, 253, 255, 273–74, 290–91, 314, 316

and order, xi, 9, 29, 211–12, 297

Life processes, 11, 27, 51–52, 62–63, 69, 75, 77, 158, 226–27, 232, 235–36, 238–39, 242, 269, 271, 273–74, 280, 309–10, 317–18

spiritual dimensions, 8, 31, 157–59, 186, 232, 248–49, 289–90, 298–99

Linear and non-linear systems, 38–39, 47, 101, 234, 256, 303–07

Locke, John, 140–41, 143, 146–47, 162, 165, 277

Lorenz, Konrad, xiii, 114, 145

Lovelock, James, 235–36

Luddites, 188, 301

M

Maine, Henry, 129–30, 135, 140

Machlup, Fritz, 294

Malthus, Thomas, 234, 294

Management systems in business, 13–15, 177

Manners, 113, 203–05, 270

Mao Tse Tung, 46, 273

Marketplace, 10, 23, 48, 53–54, 58–59, 64, 73–75, 110, 148, 151–52, 159, 230–31, 233, 254, 259, 271, 298, 310, 316–17, 319

Marxism, 108, 127, 189, 250, 278

Marx, Karl, 143, 243, 250, 278, 318

Maslow, Abraham, 198–99

McLuhan, Marshall, 215, 233

Mechanistic model, 28, 34–36, 47, 65, 67, 181, 184, 186, 209–10, 251, 256, 298, 305, 307, 319

and reductionism, 34, 256

Militarism, 62

Mill, John Stuart, 143

Mining law, 95

Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de, 240

Moore, Howard, 288

Murchie, Guy, 236

N

Native Americans, 131, 140, 154, 226

Nazism, 154, 273

Negentropy, 6(n.1), 52–54, 76, 101, 123, 187

Networks, 8, 15, 21–22, 66–67, 71, 198

News reporting, 16–17

Newton, Isaac, 34, 36, 74, 83, 142, 305, 315, 319

Northern Ireland, 192

Nuisance, 173–74, 223, 277

O

Objectivism/subjectivism, 24, 30, 43, 84, 143, 218, 230, 266–68, 271

Oppenheimer, Franz, 317

Opposites, unity of apparent, 96, 109–11, 188, 191, 321

Orwell, George, 170, 240, 246, 281

“Owner” versus “manager” controlled business, 56–58, 176–77see alsoJoseph Schumpeter

Ownership

biological basis, 145, 210

of air, 163–64

of government schools, 264

of self, 27–28, 85–86, 117–18, 129–31, 141, 157–58, 161, 166, 168–69, 182–83, 185, 202, 210, 212, 248, 284–85, 287

labor theory, 141, see alsoJohn Locke

legal definitions, 142, 144, 174, 209

philosophical meaning, 142–43, 157

private, 5, 12, 259

and responsibility, 177–82, 195, 203, 263–65

P

Paradigm changes, 24–26, 33, 36, 67, 69, 71, 229, 304–07, 312–13

Parasitism, 79

Perls, Fritz, 103, 106, 124, 280see alsoego boundaries

Piaget, Jean, 150

Planck, Max, 61

Plato, 9, 34, 312, 323

Pluralism, 84, 252, 315

Pointillism, 37–38, 258

“Political correctness,” 182, 204

Political systems

as organized trespasses, 208

defined by how property owned, 126

Pollan, Michael, 76

Pollution, 216–18, 220–21, 225, 237

Possession, 137

Prediction, difficulties in. SeeChaos and complexity

Prigogine, Ilya, 65, 217

Property principle, 85–86, 169, 190, 217–19, 223, 226, 269, 320–22

as an absolute, 169–71, 175–76, 291

contrast between private- and state-owned, 266, 278

inviolability of, 70, 74, 82, 169, 211, 232

social concept, 85–86

within a species, 7see alsoRobert Ardrey, Konrad Lorenz

Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 128, 251, 254

Pynchon, Thomas, 133, 196

Pyramidal model, 9–10, 21–22, 34, 45, 66–68, 82, 144, 177, 243, 259, 312, 319

Q

Qualitative/quantitative analyses, 30–31, 255–56

Quantum mechanics, 36–37, 44, 50, 110, 318

probabilities, 37, 83

Quigley, Carroll, 52, 61

R

Renaissance, the, 65, 188, 309

Resiliency, 9, 13

Responsibility, 177–82, 195, 203, 212, 222, 263–66, 285–86, 288

RFID chips, 22

Riesman, David, 155, 247

Robinson Crusoe, 86

Roman Empire, 41, 53, 64, 80, 310

Rowling, J.K., 18

S

Sanctuary, 296–97

Saracens, 309

Scarcity, 292–96

Schiavo, Terry, 8

Schumpeter, Joseph, 56, 176–77

Scientific inquiry, 30, 34, 37–39, 45, 66, 235, 250, 257, 311, 313, 318see alsoThomas Kuhn

Secession, 13

Second law of thermodynamics, 34, 39, 65, 260–62see alsoEntropy

Self-control, 285–88

Self-interest, 63, 66, 73, 75, 86, 155–57, 158–59, 190–91, 225, 231, 253, 258–59, 274–75, 297, 314

Self-organization, 66

and freedom, 84see alsoErich Jantsch

Seurat, Georges, 37–38, 258

Shapley, Harlow, 50

Shasta County, California, 193

Shasta Indian tribes, 121

Shaw, George Bernard, 251, 254

Sinnott, Edmund, 51–52

Size, dysfunctional nature, 10

Skinner, B.F., 256

Slavery, 129–30, 134, 140, 154, 285, 290see alsoDred Scott

Smoking, 206–07

Social contract, 26, 150, 270–71

Socialism, state, 127, 147, 158, 176

Socializing of costs (and “externalities”), 221–23, 225–26, 238

Social metaphysics, 29

Social norms as order, 151–52, 191–93, 202, 205, 270–71see alsoAmish

Somalia, 20, 121

Soviet Union, 12, 46, 154, 273

Specialization, problems with, 76–77, 239

Spencer, Herbert, 318

Sphere model of social organization, 68see alsoPyramidal model

Spontaneous order, 27, 51, 65, 73–75, 83, 226, 313, 319

Spooner, Lysander, 16

Stability and change, 11, 25–2640, 100, 307, 319–20

Standardization, 54, 58–59, 62, 72, 83, 152, 169, 250–51, 254, 256, 264, 277, 313–15

and collapse of civilizations, 62, 252see alsoCarroll Quigley, Arnold Toynbee

State, 9, 10

coercive powers of, 23, 140–41, 150–51, 192, 195, 201, 278, 282–83, 317

economic planning, 23, 35, 42, 46–48

Stateless society, 128

Status as personhood defined by state, 209see alsoSlavery

“Status to Contract,” 130see alsoHenry Maine

Steinbeck, John, 81

Stengers, Isabelle, 65, 217

Subjectivism. SeeObjectivism/subjectivism

Suicide, 183–84

Sumner, William Graham, 1, 5, 82

Swift, Jonathan, 240

Symbiosis, 75–79, 271

T

Taoism, 111

Territoriality in animals and plants, 114, 116, 145see alsoRobert Ardrey, Konrad Lorenz

“Terrorism,” 21–22, 46

Third law of motion, 315

Thirteenth Amendment, 285

Thomas, Lewis, 236

Thoreau, Henry David, 69

Thurber, James, 102

Title to property, 176

versus “control,” 127, 168, 170

Tolerance, 299

Torts, 197

Totalitarian behavior, 255

Toynbee, Arnold, 61–62, 83

Trespass, 7, 91–94, 106–07, 126, 173–74, 190, 195–97, 203–04, 206–07, 220–21, 282, 316, 321

Turnpike companies, 231

Twain, Mark, 229

U

Uncertainty principle, 44, 312see alsoWerner Heisenberg

Unintended consequences, 71–72, 101, 210, 220, 238, 259, 299–300, 313, 319

Urban gangs, 13, 21, 132, 180

V

Valery, Paul, 215

Vertically-structured systems, 8–9, 45, 66–67, 71–72, 79, 198, 224, 300see alsoPyramidal model

Victimizing and victimless crimes, 5, 196, 205, 316

Vietnam War, 287

Virtual property, 119

Voltaire, 200

W

Wagon trains, 192–93

“War on terror,” 22, 62, 288

War systems, 21, 62, 64, 167, 199, 246, 279, 289

Wealth, creation of, 253–55

Weaver, Richard, 24

Welfare state, 127

Whitehead, Alfred North, 100

Wikipedia, 18

Wildlife in urban areas, 78

Wilson, Edward O., 114, 234

World Trade Center, 46

Wright, Frank Lloyd, 307